Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles with Combinatorial Leaf Extracts: Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity

The Pharmacological properties of medicinal plants aid in the treatment of various diseases are emerging area of research in the present scenario due to the presence of secondary metabolites. The present study aims to explore the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from leaf extracts and the evaluation of bioactive compounds and its antibacterial activity. The present research focused on the analysis of the phytochemical composition, antibacterial activity, and green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from the leaf extracts of Cassia fistula, Adhatoda vasica, and Aegle marmelos. Following aqueous extraction, phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity were carried out. Green synthesised silver nanoparticles were characterized by using UV absorption, FTIR, and X-Ray Diffraction methods, and its antibacterial activity was evaluated. The hot aqueous combinatorial extract was quantitatively analyzed for the presence of tannins (3.03 mg), flavonoids (2.4 mg), alkaloids (10.4 mg), phenols (10.2 mg), and carbohydrates (7.8 mg). The green synthesis of silver nanoparticles was indicated with a UV-visible absorption peak at 460 nm. Functional groups identified by FTIR include amines, nitro compounds, alcohols, phenols, and alkenes. The highest size of synthesized silver nanoparticles from the combinatorial leaf extract was 23.63 nm (200) using XRD. Antibacterial activity of green synthesised silver nanoparticles demonstrated 13 mm zone of inhibition for Staphylococcus sp. and a zone of 15 mm for Escherichia coli. This present investigation paves a path for the establishment of green synthesised combinatorial leaf extracts that exhibit greater antibacterial efficacy against various pathogens. Hence, novel drug formulations may be adapted in the future.