A Comprehensive Survey on Tiny Machine Learning for Human Behavior Analysis
The integration of Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) with Human Behavior Analysis (HBA) represents a significant advancement in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI), enabling real-time, efficient, and privacy-preserving analysis on resource-constrained devices. This paper provides the first comprehensive survey exploring this integration, presenting a detailed overview of TinyML, including its definitions, key concepts and advantages. The survey proposes a systematic taxonomy of TinyML applications in HBA, categorizing state-of-the-art implementations based on their use cases and specific methodologies. Furthermore, the challenges and limitations of integrating TinyML in HBA are thoroughly discussed, including technical constraints, data quality issues, and ethical considerations. Finally, future research directions and open issues are outlined, emphasizing the potential advancements and emerging trends in this field. This survey serves as a foundational resource, guiding researchers and practitioners in harnessing the capabilities of TinyML to advance HBA.
Authors
- Khalid El Makkaoui (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9569-9162)
- Yassine Maleh (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4704-5364)
- May Almousa (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3695-081X)
- Siham Essahraui (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9338-2295)
- Jialiang Peng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3781-5513)
- Ahmed A. Abd El‐Latif (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5068-2033)
- Mouncef Filali Bouami (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5244-2589)
- Ibrahim Ouahbi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0552-9275)
- Dusit Niyato (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-7416)
- Ismail Lamaakal (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6532-2573)
Institutions
- Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University (SA)
- Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology (CN)
- Prince Sultan University (SA)
- Nanyang Technological University (SG)
- Université Sultan Moulay Slimane (MA)
- Premier University (BD)
Publication Details
- Journal
- IEEE Internet of Things Journal
- Published
- 2025-04-29
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2025.3565688
- Citations
- 28
- Primary Topic
- Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 69.47
Funders
- Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University