Vehicle Non‐Exhaust Emissions Significantly Contribute to Urban PM Pollution in New Energy Vehicles Era

Abstract The non‐exhaust emissions of motor vehicles derived from brake and tire wear have caused great concern, thereby requiring an investigation of their impact on air quality. We develop a high‐resolution vehicle non‐exhaust emissions inventory for Tianjin City based on detailed link‐level traffic profiles and localized emission factors. We conduct atmospheric simulations of ambient particulate matter (PM) concentrations contributed by vehicle non‐exhaust emissions. The results show that brake and tire wear emissions surpassed exhaust emissions for the first time in 2013 (PM 2.5 ). Areas with high emission intensities are primarily concentrated in central urban areas with high human activity and population and motor vehicle density. Local vehicle non‐exhaust emissions can be responsible for approximately 3% of the urban PM concentrations, and may reach 7.13% in some time periods. In the future, controlling vehicle non‐exhaust emissions will effectively alleviate urban PM pollution during the new energy vehicles era.