A Study on Maximum Power Point Tracking Technology for Solar Power Systems Using Power Variation to Adjust Step Response

The Perturb and Observe (P&O) method is a widely used Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm in photovoltaic power generation systems.However, it faces a trade-off between minimizing steady-state oscillation losses and accelerating the transient response.This study introduces an enhanced P&O method with an adjustable step size to address this issue.The method starts with a larger step size during the initial tracking phase, and when the operating point surpasses the Maximum Power Point (MPP), the step size is dynamically adjusted by multiplying it by a factor F, reducing the perturbation magnitude.The step size gradually decreases until it reaches the minimum value that the hardware or system can set up and execute.The proposed method retains the transient advantage of a larger perturbation step size while reducing power loss by minimizing steady-state oscillations.Compared to fixed perturbation step sizes and a fixed multiplier, the proposed method achieves faster perturbation convergence, maintaining a 9 step rapid tracking with a 4% duty cycle in transients and up to 99.98% in steady-state tracking.