COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AFTER THE HEMORRHAGIC AND ISCHEMIC STROKE: IS IT POSSIBLE TO MINIMIZE ITS DEVELOPMENT ALREADY IN INTENSIVE CARE?

Stroke is one of the leading causes of disability and cognitive decline, significantly affecting patients' quality of life. Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) can range from mild memory problems to severe dementia, making early intervention crucial for improving recovery outcomes. However, the effectiveness of early neuroprotective strategies in intensive care is not well studied, and standardized treatment protocols are lacking. This study aimed to assess whether cognitive impairment in stroke patients can be minimized through early interventions in the intensive care unit (ICU). The research was conducted in a stroke unit in Kharkiv, Ukraine, and included 15 patients aged 37 to 91 years. All participants had a confirmed diagnosis of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke and were monitored for 2 to 6 weeks. Treatment focused on maintaining stable cerebral perfusion (MAP ≥ 90 mmHg), ensuring adequate oxygenation (SpO₂ ≥ 95%), and introducing early rehabilitation techniques. The results showed that early interventions improved cognitive function, especially in patients with ischemic stroke. Maintaining blood flow and oxygen levels helped reduce ischemic brain damage, while early rehabilitation promoted cognitive recovery. These findings suggest that targeted neuroprotective strategies in intensive care can help prevent severe cognitive decline in stroke patients. Further research is needed to develop standardized treatment guidelines.