Intravenous Infusions: Past and Present

Intravenous (IV) therapy has undergone significant evolution, transitioning from early experimental approaches to a fundamental component of modern medical practice. The concept of delivering fluids directly into the bloodstream dates back to antiquity, with historical references in religious texts and early medical experiments by alchemists and physicians. However, the formal development of IV therapy began in the 17th century, enabled by scientific advancements that allowed direct bloodstream access. One of the first successful recorded IV infusions occurred in 1665, when English physician Richard Lower performed blood transfusions in animals. Subsequent human blood transfusion experiments were conducted by Christopher Wren and later Robert Boyle. Advancements occurred during the 19th-century cholera epidemic. IV therapy remained rudimentary until the 20th century, when further advancements standardized and popularized its use. Keywords: Intravenous therapy, therapeutic advancements, medical history, cholera, patient care