Coil Combination Using OpTIMUS Results in Improved Signal‐to‐Noise Ratios of In Vivo MR Spectra Acquired at 7 T

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) enables noninvasive quantification of metabolites, but its utility in vivo can be limited by low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and long acquisition times. The use of ultrahigh-field (UHF) strengths (> 3 T) combined with multichannel phased receive arrays can improve spectral SNR. A crucial step in the use of multichannel arrays is the combination of spectra acquired from individual coil channels. We previously developed a coil combination method at 3 T, optimized truncation to integrate multichannel MRS data using rank-R singular value decomposition (OpTIMUS), which uses noise-whitened windowed spectra and iterative rank-R singular value decomposition (SVD) to combine multichannel MRS data. Here, we evaluated OpTIMUS for combination of MR spectra acquired using a multichannel phased array at 7 T and compared spectral SNR and metabolite quantification with spectra combined using whitened SVD (WSVD), signal/noise squared (S/N²), and the Brown method. Data were acquired from 14 healthy volunteers, including five with data acquired at both 3 and 7 T, and from nine people living with HIV. Spectra combined using OpTIMUS resulted in a higher SNR compared to the three other methods, consistent with our prior results at 3 T. With half the number of averages (N = 32), spectra combined with OpTIMUS had higher SNR compared to spectra using the Brown method with 64 averages. Additionally, spectra combined using OpTIMUS at 7 T were compared to spectra acquired at 3 T with the same number of averages (N = 64) or matched acquisition times (N = 110 averages), and spectral fitting was consistently improved at 7 T even when comparable SNR was obtained at 3 T. The ability to increase SNR and maintain spectral quality by optimizing spectral coil combination has the potential to reduce scan time, a key challenge for routine clinical use of MRS.