Metabolic Syndrome and Ovarian Cancer Staging: A Retrospective Analysis of Chinese Patients

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been associated with various cancers, including breast and endometrial cancer. However, its role in the severity of ovarian cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between MetS and the severity of ovarian cancer. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 309 ovarian cancer patients hospitalized at Beijing Friendship Hospital from January 2013 to January 2024. The Chinese Diabetes Society criteria were used to define MetS. The association between ovarian cancer severity and MetS was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression models. Results: The overall prevalence of MetS in ovarian cancer was 15.69% (48/306), with 15% (17/113) in Stage I, 10% (3/31) in Stage II, 17% (18/103) in Stage III, and 17% (10/59) in Stage IV. After adjusting for confounding variables (fully adjusted Model 3), logistic regression analysis showed that ovarian cancers in Stage II (odds ratio (OR): 0.814, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.192–3.440), Stage III (OR: 1.121, 95% CI: 0.478–2.629), and Stage IV (OR: 1.315, 95% CI: 0.479–3.609) was not significantly associated with MetS compared to Stage I. Conclusion: MetS was not found to be associated with ovarian cancer severity. Further prospective studies are needed to determine the causal relationship between MetS and ovarian cancer severity.