THE WAR ON THE NORTHERN SEA ROUTE: MILITARY OPERATIONS IN THE SOVIET ARCTIC EAST OF THE NOVAYA ZEMLYA ARCHIPELAGO IN 1942–1944

The article describes the main combat episodes of the Great Patriotic war in the soviet Arctic east of Novaya Zemlya, where the Northern Sea Route operated in 1942–1944, providing cargo transportation for the front, as well as the transfer of warships from the Pacific Ocean to the Northern Fleet. The Nazis made serious efforts to disorganize Soviet shipping – in 1942 with the use of cruiser Admiral Scheer, and later – tactical groups of submarines. But even in such conditions, the work of the sailors and polar explorers was not interrupted – both cargo operations and scientific research continued.