GENERAL ISSUES OF RADIATION SAFETY IN UKRAINE

Radiation safety is one of the key aspects of health protection and environmental safety in Ukraine, particularly given the developed nuclear energy sector and the consequences of past incidents, such as the Chornobyl disaster. The primary sources of radiation contamination include both natural and anthropogenic factors, such as uranium mining and processing, operation of nuclear power plants, use of radioactive materials in industry and medicine, as well as accumulation of radioactive waste at facilities like the Prydniprovskiy Chemical Plant (PCP). This paper highlights legislative, technological, and preventive measures aimed at ensuring radiation safety, and analyzes the current state of radiation contamination and risks associated with waste at PCP, which is one of the major sources of radioactive contamination in the region. The purpose of this study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the current state of radiation safety in Ukraine, identify the main sources of radiation contamination, and evaluate the effectiveness of measures to mitigate the impact of radiation on public health and the environment. Special attention is paid to legislative aspects, technological solutions, improvement of monitoring systems, and interaction with international organizations, such as the IAEA, to ensure compliance with the highest radiation safety standards. Conclusion. 1. It is important to improve the radiation risk management system, particularly through enhanced state control, modernization of monitoring technologies, and the implementation of new safety standards. 2. Significant attention should be paid to facilities with radioactive waste, such as PCP, where systematic reclamation measures are needed to mitigate the impact on the environment and public health. 3. The implementation of modern monitoring technologies, such as automated radiation level control systems, is essential for rapid response to elevated radiation levels. 4. International cooperation with organizations like the IAEA should be continued to introduce best practices in radiation safety, thereby enhancing the safety of nuclear power plants and ensuring the sustainable development of the country. 5. The research findings confirm the need for a comprehensive approach to reducing radiation risks, which includes both technical and social measures aimed at improving working conditions, preserving worker health, and protecting the environment from the negative effects of radiation.