Ability Test of Taro (Colocasia esculenta L.) Leaves Extract to Reduce Coliform Bacteria in River Water

The problem of coliform bacteria pollution in river water can be overcome by water chlorination. However, chlorine in water can cause toxic side effects. The use of phytochemicals can be an alternative disinfectant. Taro or Colocasia esculenta (C. esculenta) is a functional food plant and contains antibacterials. This study aims to analyze the ability of C. esculenta leaf extract to inhibit the colonization of Coliform bacteria in river water samples. The laboratory research method uses a pre- and post-design with a control method to assess the bacteriological quality of water before and after extract treatment (concentration 7,5mg/L - 90mg/L and chlorine control). The parameters assessed were MPN (Most Probable Number) and Total Plate Count (TPC) Coliform. In qualitative phytochemical screening, the bioactive content of phenol, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, steroid, and terpenoid compounds was identified. The results showed the ability of C. esculenta leaf extract to reduce the number of MPN and TPC coliform in water samples; significant extract concentrations at 60 mg/L and 90 mg/L. Anti-Coliform activity is produced by compounds dissolved in the extract. Conclusion, shows the potential of C. esculenta leaf extract as a natural disinfectant in reducing the colonization of aquatic Coliform.