Bullous pemphigoid in pregnant women: Clinical observation

Bullous pemphigoid of pregnancy (pemphigoid gestationis) is a rare autoimmune blistering dermatosis that occurs exclusively during gestation and the postpartum period. The condition is characterized by pruritic erythematous plaques and blistering eruptions, most commonly affecting the abdomen and extremities, while sparing the face and mucous membranes. This disease is associated with significant maternal discomfort and may impact fetal health. Diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical presentation, histopathology, and immunofluorescence findings demonstrating linear deposition of complement C3 and IgG at the dermoepidermal junction. This article presents a detailed clinical observation of a 37-year-old woman with a history of recurrent bullous pemphigoid associated with three consecutive pregnancies. The diagnosis was confirmed via histological and immunological methods. The patient responded favorably to systemic glucocorticoids and topical therapy, demonstrating resolution of lesions with residual post-inflammatory pigmentation. The case highlights the chronic, relapsing nature of the disease and its tendency to recur in future pregnancies. The therapeutic approach must balance effective symptom control with safety for both mother and fetus. A multidisciplinary team involving dermatologists, obstetricians, and immunologists is essential for optimal management. This case underlines the importance of early recognition, differential diagnosis, and individualized treatment planning in pregnant patients with autoimmune skin diseases.