Dietary Paradigms and Pharmacological Synergies: A Comprehensive Approach to Managing the Global Diabetes Epidemic

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) poses a significant disease burden globally as a serious chronic illness affecting the lives and well-being of individuals, their families, and society. The prevalence of DM worldwide is 463 million people aged 20-79 years, with the figure projected to it 700 million by 2045. In this review, we focused on the cost of diabetes globally, lifestyle factors contributing to diabetes, insulin resistance due to overweight, dietary guide-lines for disease management, different diets for diabetes, and the effects of natural substances and natural drugs combined with diet in diabetes management and treatment. The study also focuses on the existing evidence administration of antidiabetic medications adjunct with di-verse diets as part of weight management and glycemic control in diabetes mellitus. The global burden of diabetes associated with its impact on public health systems and socio-economic development calls for effective management strategies to ease the adverse effects on individ-uals, societies, and the health care system. The lack of sufficient prevention measures has pushed the disease prevalence to alarming levels, with future projections indicating a more dire situation across the world. Several antihyperglycemic agents exist for treating diabetes, but diet remains critical due to its role in the focus on prevention and progression of disease and associated long-term consequences. While making recommendations for further research to assess how pharmacotherapy can be effective when administered with diverse diets like Mediterranean, vegan, vegetarian, keto, paleo, and dukan diets in the management of DM.