The Prevalence of Taurodontism in Permanent First and Second Molars among the Bangladeshi Population and its Significance in Genetics, Forensic Odontology, and Endodontics

Background: Taurodontism is a dental anomaly in which the pulp chamber is enlarged and the root canals are greatly shortened, usually in molar teeth. It is important in genetics, forensic odontology, and endodontics, as the condition alters the root morphology and creates complications in treatment. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of taurodontism within the permanent first and second molars of the Bangladeshi population, thereby understanding its significance in genetics, forensics, and endodontics. Methods: A total of 2,700 participants aged 18–65 were examined at the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sapporo Dental College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Radiographic analysis was conducted to identify taurodontism in permanent first and second molars, and data were collected on participants' family history, sex, and age. Cases were evaluated for root morphology complexity and treatment challenges. Self-reported family history was recorded to assess potential genetic trends. Results: The study found a taurodontism prevalence of 8.7% among 2700 Bangladeshi participants, with 4.7% in permanent first molars and 4.0% in permanent second molars. Endodontic challenges were noted in 40.2% of cases due to complex root morphology. Participants with a positive family history of dental anomalies showed a 14.9% prevalence, highlighting potential genetic associations. Taurodontism’s unique features also demonstrated forensic value in personal identification. Conclusion: Taurodontism has significant implications for genetic inheritance, endodontic treatment, and forensic identification. The study's findings underscore taurodontism’s clinical relevance, highlighting the need for increased awareness among dental practitioners for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.