Ultrasound Imaging Pulse Wave Velocity Technology Assessment of the Impact of Hypertension and Hyperglycemia on Carotid Artery Stiffness

Hypertension and diabetes are two common chronic diseases that contribute to arterial stiffness. To evaluate the differential impacts of hypertension and hyperglycemia on carotid artery stiffness, this study conducted a retrospective analysis of ultrasound imaging pulse wave parameters in cases diagnosed with primary hypertension, Type II diabetes, and normal health check-ups at our hospital. The results showed that the one-way ANOVA did not reveal significant statistical differences among the groups overall. However, post-hoc multiple comparison tests indicated that there was a statistical difference in the pulse wave parameter L-CCA PWV-BS between hypertensive patients and the normal group. Additionally, the pulse wave parameter L-CCA PWV-ES showed statistical differences between the hypertensive patients and the normal group, as well as between the people with diabetes and the normal individuals. The pulse wave parameter R-CCA PWV-BS showed a statistical difference between the people with diabetes and normal individuals, while R-CCA PWV-ES showed statistical differences between the hypertension and the diabetes patient groups, as well as between the hypertensive patients and the normal group. Consequently, this study found that between two chronic diseases, hypertension is the one most likely to cause stiffness in the carotid artery.