Hygienic aspects of cervical erosion in regions with climatic features

Cervical erosion is widespread in the population of women of active fertile age, and its frequency varies significantly across different geographic regions. Although the main risk factors for the development of pathology are generally described in the literature, little attention is paid to the impact of climatic risk factors. Extreme climate conditions can obviously contribute to the incidence of cervical erosion. The purpose of this study is to analyze the possible impact of climate factors on the incidence of cervical erosion. The literature search was conducted using the PubMed, CyberLeninka, and Google Scholar databases. The maximum depth of the publication search was 20 years. The impact of highland conditions and high-latitude climate led to an increase in the incidence of cervical erosion compared to the incidence in the general population of women. The hormonal profile of women living in high altitudes corresponded to the profile characteristic of cervical erosion described in the literature, while in women living in high latitudes, the hormone content was considerably different from the hormonal profile characteristic of cervical erosion. High altitude conditions (high insolation, oxygen deficiency, etc.) led to activation of the hypothalamus and gonads, which contributed to the development of cervical erosion, while the effect of other causes is not denied. In high-latitude climates, the risks of cervical erosion are most likely realized through immune disorders, increased infectious and inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system, as well as through the action of social factors, lifestyle changes, and addiction to bad habits.