ReverSim: An Open-Source Environment for the Controlled Study of Human Aspects in Hardware Reverse Engineering

Hardware Reverse Engineering (HRE) is a technique for analyzing integrated circuits.Experts employ HRE for security-critical tasks, like detecting Trojans or intellectual property violations, relying not only on their experience and customized tools but also on their cognitive abilities.In this work, we introduce ReverSim, a software environment that models key HRE subprocesses and integrates standardized cognitive tests.ReverSim enables quantitative studies with easier-to-recruit non-experts to uncover cognitive factors relevant to HRE.We empirically evaluated ReverSim in three studies.Semi-structured interviews with 14 HRE professionals confirmed its comparability to real-world HRE processes.Two online user studies with 170 novices and intermediates revealed effective differentiation of participant performance across a spectrum of difficulties, and correlations between participants' cognitive processing speed and task performance.ReverSim is available as open-source software, providing a robust platform for controlled experiments to assess cognitive processes in HRE, potentially opening new avenues for hardware protection.