A Robust Primary Frequency Response Constrained Power Management in Microgrids Considering Distribution Energy Resources Virtual Inertia

A new power management model is presented here to prevent excessive frequency deviations by the more commitment of higher inertia power plants and more contribution of renewable resources or energy storage systems fast inertia response. To have a mixed-integer linear programming model, the primary frequency response constraints are linearized. Using distributionally robust optimization to model uncertainty of renewable sources in the primary frequency response strategy, considering technical limitation of network, and considering suitable case studies to investigate the capability of the proposed scheme are contributions of this paper. Model is examined on a real isolated microgrid. Results show that by activation of distributed energy resources the power management can be done with lower cost. Energy not supplied of microgrid can be reduced when energy storage systems are utilized as energy buffers in network. Comparing robust model with deterministic method shows the more expensive management procedure, however, a more frequency stability is obtained in the contingency condition. The proposed plan with the presence of only frequency control leads to a 361% increase in planning cost. However, if renewable resources are added to this scheme, a 62% reduction in planning cost occurs.