5G and AI: Addressing Security Challenges in Next-Generation Wireless Networks Through Machine Learning and Cryptographic Solutions

Modern wireless communication technologies are progressing very fast making it possible to deploy fifth-generation (5G) networks that have high speed with low delay and great connectivity. However, these innovative technologies also bring significant security risks as these are based on distributed environments, network slicing, and software-defined networking. Considering these threats, this research aims to examine the application of artificial intelligence and cryptographic approaches towards mitigating these risks. The use of AI in security has been highlighted to one of the best security features of current computer and network systems, especially in the case of machine learning. The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based detection models like GANs and Auto encoders show good detection rates but have issues of high computational load and energy consumption. Reinforcement learning models provide clients with adaptive solutions for security to change their approach as threats change. Moreover, five advanced solutions include post-quantum cryptography, homomorphic encryption, and blockchain-based authentication to enhance the security of the 5G network from unauthorized parties and data loss. These approaches are then assessed for their performance and effectiveness through experiment in enhancing aspects such as network security, performance, and efficiency in terms of energy use. However, adversarial AI attacks, block chain scalability, and the computational overhead associated with quantum-resistant encryption are still hurdles towards large-scale adoption. This paper revealed that there is the necessity to further refine the AI methods used, set standardization across the regulatory bodies, and employ highly secure cryptographic techniques for better protection of the 5G network. AI security frameworks, together with cryptographic improvements for the future generation wireless networks, can significantly improve security while maintaining efficiency and scalability, which will promote more secure future networks.