Evaluation of Associated Changes on the Uterus and Fallopian Tube Histology in Response to Graded Doses of Syzygium aromaticum (Clove) in Wistar Rats

Purpose: Syzygium aromaticum (Clove) is used as a preservative, as well as in the preparation of various spicy foods. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of graded doses of cloves on the uterus and fallopian tube histology using Wistar rats as experimental animal model. Method: Twenty (20) Wistar rats after two weeks of acclimatization were assigned into four groups (I, II, III and IV) of five animals each. Group I served as the control group and received normal saline, while Groups II, III, and IV received 2 mL, 4 mL, and 6 mL of clove extract once daily for 30 days. The body weights of the rats were monitored over the treatment period. At the end of the experimental period, the animals were fasted for 12 hours and thereafter were sacrificed, and their uterus and fallopian tubes were harvested and used for histological examination. Results: Syzygium aromaticum extract exhibited dose-dependent effect on the histoarchitecture of the female reproductive tissues, particularly, the uterus and fallopian tubes in Wistar rats. Low and moderate doses of the extract appeared to maintain normal tissue architecture, while high doses resulted in mild degenerative changes. Conclusion: These findings suggest that a high dose of Syzygium aromaticum has the potential to cause mild structural changes in the histoarchitecture of the female reproductive tissues, particularly, the uterus and fallopian tube.