Enhancing Language Proficiency and Academic Success: The Impact of Bilingual Education on Primary School Students in Nigeria

This study examined the impact of bilingual education on primary school students in Nigeria, with a particular focus on language proficiency and overall academic success. It aimed to address existing research gaps by investigating how bilingual programs influence students’ command of both their native language and English, as well as their academic performance compared to their monolingual peers. A total of 250 students from five different primary schools were selected using a stratified random sampling method to ensure a representative sample. Data collection was conducted through carefully designed questionnaires, which assessed students’ language use, confidence levels, and academic achievements across various subjects. Three key findings emerged from the study. Firstly, students enrolled in bilingual programs demonstrated greater confidence in using both languages, though their confidence in English was slightly higher than in their native language. Secondly, their academic performance was generally strong in both languages, though a minority of students encountered difficulties in subjects taught primarily in their native language. Lastly, the majority of students expressed the belief that bilingual education enhanced their comprehension and academic success. The study concluded that bilingual education significantly improved language proficiency and academic performance. However, it also emphasised the need for targeted instructional support for students struggling with certain subjects. Recommendations included improving educational resources and expanding bilingual education programs to maximize learning outcomes.