Effectiveness of the I-DECOBEST Module in Teaching Electrical Concepts in Primary Schools: Pilot Evidence from Penang

The rapid evolution of educational practices necessitates innovative approaches to enhance science learning, particularly in abstract topics like electricity. This study evaluates the I-DECOBEST module, an interdisciplinary tool integrating design thinking, Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT), and sustainable energy practices aimed at improving student engagement, emotional resilience, and practical understanding of sustainability within the Malaysian Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Rendah (KSSR). Involving 80 Year 5 students from a primary school in Penang, the study used a structured questionnaire to assess the module's clarity, engagement, and effectiveness. Descriptive statistics and reliability analysis (Cronbach's alpha = 0.887) confirmed high internal consistency and generally positive student perceptions. However, response variability highlights areas for improvement, particularly in practical applications and real-world integration. The findings demonstrate the module's potential to enhance scientific literacy and sustainability awareness while addressing gaps in traditional teaching methods. By aligning with global educational goals, the I-DECOBEST module offers a transformative framework for improving science education. Further research is recommended to validate its broader applicability.