A comprehensive analysis of stress resistance and motivation of ukrainian belt wrestlers: physiological, cellular and psychological markers of adaptation

The issue of the functional state of the body of Ukrainian belt wrestlers is poorly studied. There are isolated research data on the improvement of the functional state of the wrestlers' body as a result of training. The study of the functional state of the body of wrestlers of different types of wrestling is extremely important, as it determines the success of the athlete during competitions and the growth of skills during long-term sports training. The aim of this work was to determine the physiological and psychological features of the body's response of Ukrainian belt wrestlers during the Ukrainian Championship on 22.06.2024. In the pre-starting period our indicators of functioning of the CVS and DS of all examined wrestlers correspond to the physiological state of pre-starting readiness of the organism of sportsmen with predominance of sympathetic vegetative influences. After the cessation of competitive loads, we observe an increase in heart rate, ST and DT, which indicates a significant stress on the activity of the CVS and DS during the performance at competitions. According to the changes of cytomorphological indicators (presence of phenomena of cariorexis, caryolysis, cytolysis, coccal flora and leukocytes) we established a significant reaction of the organism of sportsmen to competitive loads. We have found a sufficient level of stress resistance (according to the A. Kitaoka test) and achievement motivation (according to the A. Megrabyan test) in all athletes. Emotional stress associated with participation in competitions also affects physiological and cellular processes. Psychological stress increases the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, which leads to a further increase in heart rate and blood pressure; causes the release of stress hormones that affect the immune system and metabolism, which can lead to inhibition of regenerative processes; affects concentration and coordination, which can worsen performance. The changes we have observed are the result of the complex effect of physiological, cellular and psychological stress on the athletes' bodies. They reflect adaptive mechanisms that are activated to ensure maximum performance during competition. However, if the load exceeds the body's capabilities, it can lead to fatigue, dehydration and damage to cellular structures.