Photodegradation of Malachite green using 2D g-C\(_{3}\)N\(_{5}\) nanosheet: A promising metal free catalyst

Environmental issues have become more serious these days due to the growth of modern industries. The paper and textile industries, in particular, were heavily dependent on the printing and discharge of dye, which constantly leaked into the water ecology and constituted a serious risk to public health. Organic wastewater treatment and remediation for its associated risks have received a lot of attention lately. This work explored the potential of the g-C3N5 nanostructure as a novel photocatalyst for malachite green degradation in aqueous solution while exposed to visible light. The nanocomposite was fabricated through an ultrasonicate-assisted technique. A number of analysis techniques, such as CHNS, XRD, FTIR, UV-DRS, SEM, Electrical, and XPS were employed to verify the successful fabrication of the photocatalyst. At pH 6.5, the catalyst dose of 0.06 g∙L‒1, with malachite green concentration of 20 mg∙L‒1, and in a reaction period of 90 min, the degradation efficiency had been found to be 88%. The produced hydroxyl radicals (OH•) is considered to be major scavenger for degradation of malachite green. The above method suggested an easy, environmentally friendly and practical approach to produce excellent photocatalytic 2D g-C3N5 nanosheet for environmental cleanup.