Moringea Oleifera leaves extract ameliorated obesity induced hyperglycemia in rats via modulating the expression of adipocytokines

The study aimed to investigate the mechanism behind the hypoglycemic effects of Moringa Oleifera leaves extract (MOLAE) in rats with high fat diet (HFD) induced hyperglycemia. A total of 56 male Wister adult albino rats were divided into seven groups. The control group fed a standard diet. High fat diet group fed HFD for 8 weeks. The third group was fed a standard diet with 400 mg/kg of MOLAE for 8 weeks. The fourth and fifth groups fed HFD with MOLAE at doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg respectively for 8 weeks. The sixth and seventh groups fed HFD for 8 weeks then fed standard diet with 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg MOLAE respectively for additional 4 weeks. High fat diet elevated fasting blood sugar, glycated hemoglobin, Complement C1q tumor necrosis factor-related protein 15 (myonectin), and Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) levels while decreased serum levels of insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). In addition, it decreased uncoupling protein 1 (UP1) expression in white and brown adipose tissues, and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) gene expression in muscle and white adipose tissue. Conversely, supplementation of HFD fed rats with MOLAE significantly reduced fasting blood sugar, glycated hemoglobin, myonectin, and RBP4 levels while increased serum level of IGF1, UCP1 protein expression in white and brown adipose tissues, and GLUT4 gene expression in muscle and while adipose tissue This study indicated that MOLAE exhibits potential in mitigating HFD-induced hyperglycemia in obese rats, possibly through modulating the expression of adipocytokines that have impacts on blood glucose levels.