Risks and Outcome after Diabetic Retinopathy Surgery

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a type of mi-croangiopathy caused by diabetes mellitus (DM). DR is a lead-ing cause of vision impairment in 25–74 years of age. Aim of Study: To detect the risks of proliferative diabetic retinopathy, cost effectiveness and the outcome of pars planavi-trectomy. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive prospective study conducted on100 eyes of 96 diabetic patients to assess the outcome of three groups of Diabetic Vitrectomy in Cairo Fatemic Hospital between March 2021 and January 2024. Results: Pre-operative best corrected visual acuity showed no statistically significant difference between the three groups with a (p-value >0.05). Improvement in visual acuity “was categorized as number of lines”, was statistically significant higher at one month in Vitreous haemorrhage group than other groups p-value <0.05). At three and six months, visual acuity, improvement rate and number of lines postoperative showed no statistically significant difference between the three groups with a (p-value >0.05). Conclusion: Treatment for diabetic retinopathy varies based on eye changes and problems. Options include injection therapy, macular laser surgery, corticosteroids, scatter laser sur-gery, and vitrectomy. Costs can range from $100 to $2,000, but improvements in visual outcomes are evident. Good patient se-lection, preoperative evaluation, and controlling comorbidities lead to better results. Patients with vitreous haemorhage showed higher visual acuity improvement, while those with tractional retinal detachement showed lower improvement rates.