Adjacent Segment Disease after Lumbar Spine Fixation (Systematic Review and Meta-analysis)

Background: Disc degeneration is a common form of adjacent segment disease (ASD) that occurs less frequently than laxity, instability, stenosis, nucleus pulposus herniation, hypertrophic facet arthritis, and vertebral compression fractures. Aim: a systematic review for the determination of the prevalence of disease in adjacent segments after lumbar spine fixation. Subjects and Methods: In this systematic review, conducted during the period from January 2021 to January 2022 was searched up to 2022: 57 paper were included and 28 of these were excluded and only 19 paper were met our inclusion criteria. Results: 8 studies (1750 of 2896 patients) reported SS before and postoperatively, Pfirrmann classification, 6 studies (650 of 2896 patients) of 2896 patients) reported fusion with S1, fusion type (PLIF versus TLIF), 5 studies (669 of 2896 patients) reported pre- and postoperative PI, PT pre- and postoperatively, 12 studies (1423 of 2896 patients) reported LL between ASD group and non-ASD group. Conclusion: In this systematic review associated with a significant increase in detailed information on the prevalence of radiological and symptomatic ASD