Association of serum CA 125 and C-reactive protein for prediction of the severity of preeclampsia

Background: Most cases of high blood pressure (BP) during pregnancy are due to preeclampsia, which is defined by the presence of both new-onset hypertension and proteinuria. Cancer antigen (CA-125) as well as C-reactive protein (CRP) are inflammatory mediators that may be expressed in response to the elevated maternal inflammatory response that causes endothelial dysfunction. Aim and objectives: to evaluate CRP and CA 125 for their use in preeclampsia diagnosis and severity assessment. Patients and Methods: This case-control research was conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Al Zhraa University Hospital, Al Azhar University, and Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital for one year, starting from January 2022 until January 2023. Results: There was a statistical distinction across the groups as regards preeclampsia criteria and the diagnostic performance of CA125 in differentiating preeclampsia from control. CA125 had statistically significant positive correlations with SBP, DBP, 24-hour proteinuria, ALT, AST, creatinine, and umbilical resistive index, as well as significant negative correlations with hemoglobin and platelets in mild and severe preeclampsia groups. Conclusion: According to this research, the biochemical markers CA-125 and CRP are an indication of the severity of the underlying inflammatory process in preeclampsia. They appear to be viable preeclampsia screening assays due to their greater accessibility and lower cost.