Effect of different flooring types on performance, gut microbiota, and biochemical parameters in broiler chickens

Broiler production is a critical component of global meat production, yet the impact of flooring types on broiler performance, health, and biochemical parameters remains underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the effect of five flooring types including wood shavings, sun-dried tree leaves, compact metal cages, cages transferred to perforated plastic slats, and perforated plastic slats on broiler performance, serum biochemical parameters, and oxidative stress. A total of 300 Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly allocated to five experimental groups, each with three replicates of 20 birds. Broilers reared on plastic slats exhibited the highest body weight, weight gain, and European Production Efficiency Factor (EPEF), along with optimal FCR. However, plastic slats were associated with elevated liver enzymes (ALT, AST) and kidney stress markers (uric acid, creatinine), indicating potential metabolic strain. Wood shavings and tree leaves showed higher oxidative stress (elevated MDA and NO levels) but supported greater protein synthesis. Cages-to-plastic slats had the highest microbial counts, while plastic slats maintained the lowest microbial load. The study concludes that plastic slats and wood shavings are optimal for broiler performance, but synthetic flooring may induce liver and kidney stress, whereas organic materials enhance protein synthesis but may increase oxidative stress. Future research should explore long-term effects on broiler health and the interaction between flooring type and dietary interventions.