Profitability of Vannamei Shrimp Farming: Traditional vs. Intensive Systems in Kolaka District in Indonesia

This study compares the profitability of traditional and intensive Vannamei shrimp farming in Kolaka District, Indonesia, focusing on cost structures, net returns, and revenue-to-cost (R/C) ratios. Data was collected from 50 shrimp farmers (40 traditional, 10 intensive) through surveys and observations. The analysis shows that intensive farming generates higher net returns (IDR 81,779,180/ha/year) than traditional farming (IDR 19,848,751/ha/year), due to increased productivity and advanced management. However, traditional farming has a higher R/C ratio (1.50 vs. 1.29), indicating greater cost efficiency. The findings highlight the trade-off between profitability and cost efficiency, with intensive farming offering higher returns but posing greater financial and environmental risks. Recommendations include improving input access, financing, extension services, market integration, and sustainability practices. Keywords: Farming, profitability, traditional system, intensive system, whiteleg shrimp.