Corn cob pyrolysis: A systematic literature review of methods and applications

Abstractas The agricultural sector is experiencing a surge in waste generation due to population growth, creating an urgent need to convert byproducts into value‐added products. Maize ( Zea mays L.), a leading global crop, produces significant byproducts, such as corn cob, which are often undervalued. Biomass, including corn cob, is a promising carbon‐neutral energy source. While combustion is commonly used, pyrolysis is gaining traction due to its ability to generate solid (biochar), liquid (bio‐oil), and gaseous products, each with various applications. This study presents a systematic literature review on the pyrolysis of corn cob, utilizing three databases: Scopus, Web of Science, and Springer. This search resulted in a portfolio composed of 409 research papers. The Normalized Index for Ranking Papers (NIRP) method was employed to rank the selected papers, followed by bibliometric and systematic analyses. The review identifies key trends, publication dynamics, and influential works in the field. It highlights China's leading role in research output and citation impact and provides insights into the evolution of research topics and methodologies. The review emphasizes the significance of biomass pyrolysis as a viable alternative to fossil fuels, commercial adsorbents, catalyst supports, and fertilizers, providing both economic and environmental benefits. By examining the current state of research, this work seeks to inform future studies and promote the advancement of efficient and eco‐friendly waste conversion technologies. The findings aim to encourage further exploration of biomass pyrolysis, highlighting its potential to contribute to sustainable resource management and reduce reliance on non‐renewable resources.