The Impact of the Closure of Mines on the Local Environment from the Perspective of Qualitative Research on the Example of Poland

Abstract The main aim of the article is to determine the impact of mine closure on the local environment, with particular emphasis on the social, economic and environmental problems that arise when mining activities are limited or discontinued. Ultimately, the closure of the mine may affect the entire economy of the region, as it will cause changes in the structure of the labor market and in the local and regional economy. In order to better understand the processes related to the preparation of employees and their representatives, as well as employers for the upcoming changes related to the closure of mines, implemented qualitative field research was carried out. Two methods were used in the research. The first was a moderated discussion and the second was an in-depth expert interview. In total, eight moderated discussions and four in-depth expert interviews were conducted. Moderated discussions and in-depth expert interviews were conducted in eight subregions of the Silesian Voivodeship: Bielsko, Bytom, Częstochowa, Gliwice, Katowice, Rybnik, Sosnowiec and Tychy. The research results clearly indicate that coordinated action by the government, local government, enterprises, local communities and other stakeholders focused on strategic planning, cooperation and a sustainable approach to the mine closure process can guarantee lasting success.