Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Tanacetum Parthenium L. Extract on Treatment of Kidney Stones Induced by Ethylene Glycol in Adult Male Rats

Introduction: Considering the effect of various herbal medicines on kidney stone treatment, the aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Tanacetum parthenium on the treatment of ethylene glycol-induced kidney stones in rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 36 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: a healthy control group and a negative control group that was given water mixed with ethylene glycol. The experimental groups were administered T. parthenium extract (40, 80 and 120 mg/kg) along with cystone, serving as a positive control. Following 28 days, the 24-hour urine samples were collected and animal blood samples were taken for biochemical tests. The kidney tissue was histologically analyzed for the presence of calcium oxalate accumulation using hematoxylin-eosin method. Data analysis was carried out using one-way ANOVA tests and GraphPad Prism version 8 software. Results: In the ethylene glycol group, there was an evaluation in kidney weight, and increased levels of urinary oxalate, calcium, urea phosphate and creatinine, as along with increased levels of serum urea, uric acid, creatinine and calcium. In the group treated with T. parthenium (120 mg/kg), these levels decreased compared to the ethylene glycol group, potentially aiding in the prevention of kidney stones. The number of calcium oxalate crystals also decreased in the T. parthenium group (80 and 120 mg/kg). Conclusion: This study demonstrated the beneficial effect of hydroalcoholic extract of T. parthenium by altering serum and biochemical parameters in preventing kidney damage.