Emergence of vanA and Sequencing in Vancomycin resistance Enterococcus faecalis Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections

Background: E. faecalis is a common microbe for urinary tract infections UTIs in Najaf, with resistance to many antibiotics. Objectives: The present research aimed to identify vanA gene presence and sequence in E. faecalis for detection of vancomycin resistance. Methodology: From 140 specimens collected from UTI patients, we identefied 21 Enterococcus isolates using bacteriological tests, among them 15 (71.4%) E. faecalis were detected using Vitek-2 system and molecular diagnosis using ddl gene of E. faecalis were implemented in the identification. The remainder isolates belong to other Enterococcus species. Results: In this study, total isolates were vancomycin resistant VRE using MIC technique. Molecular studies detected 12 (80%) of E. faecalis isolates which carry vanA gene. Also, the study showed that the reference isolate has three mutations and an identity 97-100% among vanA of the strains that include a number of Gram positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus, Clostridium difficile, and other species of Enterococci. Conclusion: The incidence of vanA gene has developed great challenges, indicates that E. faecalis were reservoirs of vanA gene which may be transmitted to other bacteria especially Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus, Clostridium difficile. It is significant for continued checking the spread of VRE and effective approaches that control and limit antibiotic resistance distribution.