Traumatic and non-traumatic Pediatric surgeries degree of risk and gastric ultrasound as an instrument for assessment of post operative nausea and vomiting .

Background: The classification of pediatric surgeries as traumatic or non-traumatic depends on factors such as surgery type, age, medical conditions, and procedure complexity.Aim: To assess the variance of the gastric volume via quantitative measurements of gastric antrum before and after surgery.Patients and methods: This prospective observational study was performed in the Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, and Pain Management at Aswan University Hospital. The study included 50 pediatric patients who underwent emergency surgeries, categorized into traumatic and non-traumatic procedures. The research was permitted via the institutional review board, and informed consent was attained from the parents or legal guardians of all participants.Results: Orthopedic fracture trauma accounted for 46% of emergency pediatric surgeries, followed by soft tissue trauma (24%), abdominal surgery (18%), neuro-ophthalmic (eye-related) trauma (8%), and compartment syndrome (4%). Additionally, we compared preoperative and postoperative gastric ultrasound measurements in 100 patients. In the supine position, there were no significant variances between the pre- and post-surgery values for the anteroposterior diameter (APD), the craniocaudal diameter(CCD), and the cross-sectional area (CSA), with p-values of 0.371, 0.759, and 0.905, correspondingly. Similarly, for the right lateral decubitus (RLD) position, there were no significant variances in anteroposterior diameter, craniocaudal diameter, cross-sectional area, and gastric volume(GV) among the both groups, with p-values of 0.449, 0.527, 0.637, and 0.874, correspondingly.Conclusion: The study found no significant differences in postoperative nausea and vomiting risk in trauma surgeries, indicating ultrasound as a valuable bedside tool for anesthesia planning.