Distribution of Mangrove Crab (Scylla spp.) Larvae in Hoat Sorbay Bay, Southeast Maluku, Indonesia

This study aimed to analyze the distribution of the mangrove crab (Scylla spp.) larvae in Hoat Sorbay Bay, Southeast Maluku, as a scientific basis to support conservation efforts and the sustainable management of mangrove crab resources. The research was conducted in October 2022 at 12 stations comprising a total of 28 substations representing different ecological characteristics along the bay. Larval sampling was performed using horizontal and vertical plankton net tows, while environmental parameters—including temperature, salinity, pH, depth, current, and wind speed—were measured in situ. The results indicated that crab larvae, including both zoea and megalopa stages, were unevenly distributed throughout the bay. The highest concentrations were recorded in semi-enclosed bay areas near estuaries, particularly within the mangrove ecosystems of Letvuan Village and Menyeu Bay (86–89 individuals), whereas the upstream, central, and main estuarine areas exhibited low larval densities (0–9 individuals). Environmental factors such as temperature (31.3–33.7°C), salinity (29.4–32.1‰), and moderate currents are presumed to influence larval distribution. These findings suggest that only specific areas within Hoat Sorbay Bay serve as reproductive and larval hatching habitats for mangrove crabs. These findings emphasize the need for site-specific conservation efforts, particularly in mangrove areas like Letvuan Village and Menyeu Bay, which serve as key spawning and nursery grounds for Scylla spp < em>.