DOENÇAS TRANSMITIDAS POR ALIMENTOS: UM ESTUDO DE REVISÃO DAS ESTRATÉGIAS DE INTERVENÇÃO EM SURTOS E A IMPORTÂNCIA DA SAÚDE PÚBLICA

Foodborne diseases (FBDs) represent a recurring public health issue, affecting thousands of people every year, especially in countries with structural weaknesses in their sanitary surveillance systems, such as Brazil. Between 2013 and 2022, according to the Ministry of Health, 6,523 FBD outbreaks were reported in the country, totaling over 107,000 affected individuals, 12,722 hospitalizations, and 112 confirmed deaths. Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Staphylococcus sp. are among the main etiological agents. Given this scenario, the aim of this study was to review the scientific literature on the epidemiological aspects of FBDs, the role of healthcare professionals—particularly nurses—and health education strategies aimed at the prevention and control of these diseases. This is a narrative literature review based on studies published between 2018 and 2025. The results show that FBDs remain a persistent challenge due to underreporting, improper food handling and storage, and a general lack of public awareness. It was found that nurses play a strategic role in preventing FBDs through educational activities in different settings—schools, health units, and communities—promoting safe eating habits, proper food hygiene, and sanitary handling practices. The studies reviewed also highlight the effectiveness of playful and interactive methodologies in teaching good food practices, especially to children. It is concluded that health education, integrated with multi-professional and intersectoral action, is essential for reducing FBD cases. The appreciation of information, strengthening of public policies, and continuous training of health professionals—especially nurses—are crucial measures for an effective and lasting response to this issue.