Prevalence Rate of Bacterial Infections in Urogenital Tract of Adult Goats, and Susceptibility to Antibiotics

This study conducted to identify the prevalence rate of pathogenic bacteria in urogenital tract of adult female goats including non-previously kidding and those kidding at least one time. Also, detection of bacterial species and their susceptibility to various antibiotics was aimed. Totally, 148 vaginal swab samples were collected from the adult female goats; 74 from non-kidding and 74 from kidding goats. In laboratory, various culture media and biochemical tests were used to cultivation and differentiation of bacterial isolates based on their colonies’ morphology and reaction. Then, the Kirby-Bauer method was applied to test the susceptibility of the obtained bacterial species towards the applied antibiotics. Totally, the prevalence rate of bacterial infections among the study goats was 64.19%, in which, prevalence rate was significantly higher in non-kidding (78.38%) than kidding (50%) goats. The results of culture and biochemical tests showed the presence of Escherichia coli (30.53%), Proteus mirabilis (23.16%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.74%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.53%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (11.58%), and Staphylococcus aureus (9.47%). Significantly, the findings of antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that the study bacterial isolates were resistant to Amoxicillin, Amikacin, Ampicillin, Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime and Cefepime; while intermediate resistance was identified with Gentamicin. However, significant sensitivity was recorded to Colisitin, Nitofurantion, Azithromycin, Ciprofloxacillin, Ofloxacine, Imipenem, Meropenem, Levofloxacine, and Nalidixic acid. In conclusion, the study indicates the high prevalence rate of bacterial infections in study animals, in particular non-kidding goats, with high incidence of resistance to different antibiotics. Therefore, furthermore studies using the advanced molecular diagnostic assays are of great importance to determine the epidemiology and presence of genes responsible on resistance of various bacteria.