Mantle flows driving tectonic escape around eastern Himalaya syntaxis

Plate subduction exerts a strong influence over the tectonic evolution of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis (EHS) due to the substantial heterogeneity of plate contacts over space and time. The variability in tectonic escapes around EHS presents challenges for understanding the primary drivers. Here we use 3D models to mimic the ≥ 40 Myr subduction of India based on different leading edges and quantitatively analyze the associated viscous flows at various depths across the eastern Tibet. We find that the continuous, northeastward indentation of India enhances clockwise rotation and that the difference between shallow subduction in the north and steep subduction in the south of the EHS is critical to tectonic extrusion. The dynamic mechanism of this bottom-up process leads to significant lateral mantle flow and contributes to > 1000 km of material escaping southward.

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Publication Details

Journal
Scientific Reports
Published
2025-04-26
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-99763-6
Citations
1
Primary Topic
earthquake and tectonic studies
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
1.87

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Mantle flows driving tectonic escape around eastern Himalaya syntaxis

Weiling Zhu, Yingfeng Ji, Rui Qu, Shoichi Yoshioka et al.
1 citations
Scientific Reports
earthquake and tectonic studies
1.87
article

Mantle flows driving tectonic escape around eastern Himalaya syntaxis

Weiling Zhu, Yingfeng Ji, Rui Qu, Shoichi Yoshioka, Ye Zhu, Lijun Liu, Chaodi Xie, Haris Faheem
article en
1 citations

Abstract

Plate subduction exerts a strong influence over the tectonic evolution of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis (EHS) due to the substantial heterogeneity of plate contacts over space and time. The variability in tectonic escapes around EHS presents challenges for understanding the primary drivers. Here we use 3D models to mimic the ≥ 40 Myr subduction of India based on different leading edges and quantitatively analyze the associated viscous flows at various depths across the eastern Tibet. We find that the continuous, northeastward indentation of India enhances clockwise rotation and that the difference between shallow subduction in the north and steep subduction in the south of the EHS is critical to tectonic extrusion. The dynamic mechanism of this bottom-up process leads to significant lateral mantle flow and contributes to > 1000 km of material escaping southward.

Scientific ReportsVol. 15(1)
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US), Yunnan University (CN), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN), Institute of Geology and Geophysics (CN), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research (CN), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN), Kobe University (JP)
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Openalex Percentile: Top 19%
earthquake and tectonic studies
1.87
DOIOpen Access PDFOpenAlex
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Mantle flows driving tectonic escape around eastern Himalaya syntaxis — Weiling Zhu, Yingfeng Ji, et al. · Scientific Reports (2025) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS