Geographical Analysis of Multidimensional Poverty in India: An Examination of Regional Disparities

This research investigates the spatial distribution and intensity of multidimensional poverty in India for the year 2021, using secondary data from the NITI Aayog report 2021, which is based on the NFHS-4 dataset. The 2021 Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI), calculated using the Alkire and Foster methodology, includes three dimensions—health, education, and standard of living—comprising twelve indicators. The study identifies heightened levels of deprivation in economically challenged states such as Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, and Jharkhand. A detailed analysis was conducted to determine the primary causes of multidimensional poverty, revealing that health, particularly nutrition, is a significant factor affecting the MPI. The findings underscore the need for targeted policies aimed at eradicating poverty, with a particular focus on timely health and nutrition interventions. These insights offer a deeper understanding of the complex patterns of multidimensional poverty across Indian states, providing valuable perspectives for development planners and policymakers.