Zoonymic vocabulary in folk song discourse (based on the lexeme horse)

The article examines the functional and semantic features of the zoonym “horse” in the context of Russian lyrical songs and reveals the semantic volume and synonymous series of this word, actualizing various semantic features of the nomination object and indicating a functionally oriented view of a person on a horse as a means of transport, draft force, comrade in arms or a mystical animal associated with the other world. The article describes the ethnic originality of the song verbalization of this nominative, presented at the level of contextual environment and symbolic understanding. We reveal the stereotypes associated with national-cultural and mythological views of the Russian ethnos, characterizing the typical compatibility of this lexeme in the texts of Russian folk songs. Along with the semantic aspect of the analysis, we make observations on the specifics of syntactic constructions, in which the object of observation appears. The article indicates the most frequent constructions with this lexeme and determines their pragmatic focus taking into account the specifics of the song genre. We have come to the conclusion about the uniqueness of the textual implementation of the nominative “horse” in folk song discourse and the anthropocentric orientation of its representations, since through the prism of descriptions, addresses, etc. within the framework of folklore, the personal axiological picture of the world is revealed.