Axiological aspect of the category of relations in the Italian and English languages

The study examines the expression of personality evaluation and personal attractiveness in behavior and relations in the field of the Italian and English languages. The novelty of the linguistic axiological analysis devoted to the expression of assessment in the behavioral aspect is due to the lack of comparative studies based on the Italian and English languages. The concept of “an observer” is used in order to study the expression of the linguistic axiological aspect. The reactions of observers in the form of personality assessments influence the choice of actions by the subjects of behavior, reflected in the pragmatics of the compared languages. The selected nouns and phrases are related to the common theme of assessing personality and perceptions of attractiveness. The words Personal / Personale and Attraction / Attrazione represent concepts associated with evaluating individuality and attractiveness. The phrases Make an appearance / Fare un’apparizione and Personal interest / Interessi personali emphasize actions and motivations that may be assessed by observers, as the evaluation of attractiveness can depend on personal interests and the way people present themselves in society. As a result of the analysis, we have found that the dictionary definitions of the Italian and English languages contain components that determine different axiological potential when expressing a complex of purposeful behavioral actions for evaluation by observers as subjects perceiving behavior and form relations, based on the interpretation of these actions. The analyzed words and phrases convey varying degrees of meaning related to the assessment of behavior in relations and develop their potential evaluative significance in contexts. The analysis of evaluative judgments about behavioral actions allows for the identification of linguistic-cognitive and linguisticcultural foundations of the perception and evaluation of behavior and relations, as well as the uniqueness and linguistic-cultural potential of axiological approaches to understanding the complex phenomena of the world around us.