Nopal mucilage and its synergistic-humectant effect in combination with different polyalcohols

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro wetting capacity of cactus mucilage (Opuntia ficus-indica) in combination with three wetting agents through permeability and water retention capacity tests, as well as its in vivo effects by measuring transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and hydration levels in volunteers. The goal was to determine the efficacy of this agent and its potential synergistic effects. Design/Methodology/Scope: Nopal mucilage films (1.5% and 3%) were formulated using glycerin, sorbitol, and propylene glycol (1.5% and 3%). To assess their performance, water retention capacity tests were conducted at relative humidities of 40%, 60%, 80%, and 90%. TEWL was measured using a Tewameter® TM210 on a 4×4 cm area of each participant's forearm. Additionally, film characterization was performed using Scanning Electron Microscopy, and water vapor permeability was determined by calculating the permeability constant. Results: The water vapor permeability test indicated that 3% of mucilage and 3% of sorbitol combination exhibited the lowest permeability constant, making it the most effective formulation. Furthermore, TEWL and stratum corneum hydration assessments confirmed that this combination demonstrated the highest moisturizing properties, as it showed the greatest hydration value and the lowest TEWL compared to the other formulations. Conclusions/Limitations: The application of cactus mucilage emerges as a viable strategy to enhance the moisturizing effect in cosmetic product formulations.