Peculiarities of changes in the level of stress resistance of elite wrestlers to loads under conditions of anaerobic glycolysis in the process of long-term adaptation

Background and purpose The search for effective mechanisms for increasing the level of stress resistance of the body of elite athletes to the ever-increasing loads of training and competitive activities is one of the priority issues facing modern scientists. The aim of the research is to study the peculiarities of changes in the level of stress resistance of elite wrestlers with different types of heart rate regulation to loads under conditions of anaerobic glycolysis in the process of long-term use of experimental models of functional training. Material and methods We examined 60 elite Greco-Roman wrestlers aged 19±0.5 years. Participants were divided into groups A (sympathotonics) and B (vagotonics), and further into subgroups. Biochemical parameters of blood (CPK, LDH, cortisol) allowed to assess the nature of adaptation and compensatory reactions of the participants' organism to a stressful stimulus during all stages of the study. Results At the beginning of the research in all wrestlers of both groups in response to an acute load in conditions of anaerobic glycolysis, the different character of changes of biochemical markers of blood was revealed. In the first case, regardless of the type of regulation, we recorded an increase in the activity of LDH in the blood and a simultaneous decrease in cortisol levels after the test load. In the second case, we observe a simultaneous significant increase in all the biochemical blood parameters studied in response to a stressful stimulus. At the end of the study, in wrestlers with a low level of stress resistance to loads under conditions of anaerobic glycolysis, after prolonged use of training model No. 2, we observed an increase in serum LDH and cortisol in response to a stressful stimulus. The use of training model No. 1 for three months contributes to the increase of creatine phosphate reserves and the balance of recruitment of anaerobic energy supply mechanisms (creatine phosphokinase and glycolysis) depending on the characteristics of the stressful stimulus. Conclusions In the process of development of models of training sessions on functional training of elite wrestlers it is necessary to take into account not the type of regulation of a heart rhythm, and features of change of adaptation-compensatory reactions to an acute test load. The use of a load mode Ra=0.71 in combination with a complex of exercises on simulators ‘Hammer’ in conditions of anaerobic glycolysis, effectively influences the processes of long-term adaptation of sportsmen with a low level of stress resistance.