Role of Fucoidan in human diseases

L-fucose and sulfate groups make up fucoidan, a complex polysaccharide that is extracted from brown algae and may be used as a treatment for a number of human illnesses. Through dynamic modulation of important intracellular signaling pathways, management of ROS generation, and maintenance of principal cell survival and death processes, the antioxidant and immunomodulatory actions of fucoidan contribute to their disease-preventive effectiveness. It also lessens the cachexia linked to cancer. The fucoidan is often considered an untapped profusion of druggable molecules in the current scenario, despite its vast range of therapeutic potency. One of the most important tasks to be evaluated is the isolation, screening, biological application, pre-clinical, and clinical evaluation, as well as large-scale, economical production. Thorough research is also required for the chemical synthesis of the current bioactive medication with confirmational rearrangement for improved availability and bioactivity. Therefore, in this study, we focus on the origin of fucoidan’s isolation, its strategic application in disease prevention, and the mechanistic analysis of its mechanism of action in treating various illnesses that may be used to future therapeutic interventions.