Fodder productivity and adaptive properties of covered and naked oat genotypes in the conditions of the Kirov regio

The research was carried out in 2022-2024 in order to evaluate 18 promising hulled and naked oat genotypes according to grain yield and grain mass and to identify the mowing and universal genotypes with high plasticity and stability in the conditions of the Kirov region. Cultivar ‘Arkhan’ was used as a standard for hulled genotypes, and cv. ‘Azil’ – for naked ones. The periods of "seedlings – ripening" of oats in the years of the research were characterized by different hydrothermal regimes: HTC – 2.11; 1.64; 0.76. The genotypes were evaluated by grain yield, green mass yield and dry matter yield, followed by an assessment of their adaptive potential on the basis of "grain yield" and "dry matter of the green mass yield" traits. The linear regression coefficient (bi), stability index (S i 2 ), homeostatic parameter (Hom), breeding value (Sc), stability factor (SF), coefficients of adaptivity (KA) and multiplicativity (KM) were determined. Covered forms of oats formed a higher yield of both grain and green mass. Covered lines having high grain yield (5.5...5.8 t/ha) and green mass yield (33.9...40.2 t/ha) were selected for universal use – 91h18, 41h18, 23h20, naked lines – 5h18, 1h18, 63h11, 4h18 (grain yield 3.1...3.4 t/ha and 26.5...28.8 t/ha, respectively). A covered oats line 40h20 having a high yield of green mass (35.6 t/ha) is for a mowing purpose. The covered forms showed a high significant direct dependence of both grain yield (r = 0.68) and green mass yield (r = 0.81) on plant height, the green mass yield was in positive relationship of middle degree with leafiness (r = 0.42) in covered oats. The grain yield of naked oats depended on green mass yield (r = 0.83), plant height (r = 0.73), leafiness (r = 0.45), green mass yield depended on the plant height (r = 0.84). As a result of the analysis of some parameters of plasticity and stability by the sum of ranks, there have been identified lines that have high economic value on the basis of "grain yield" and "dry matter of the green mass yield" traits: covered genotypes 50h18, 23h20, and naked genotypes 5h18, 1h18.