Management Strategies for Pulmonary Metastases Arising from Uterine Smooth Muscle Tumors of Uncertain Malignant Potential (Stump)

Smooth muscle tumors of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP) are mesenchymal uterine tumors with malignancy levels intermediate between benign leiomyomas and malignant leiomyosarcomas. Reports of pulmonary metastases from STUMP are rare in the literature. The limited number of cases, coupled with variable recurrence patterns and diverse treatment strategies, complicates the formulation of definitive conclusions regarding prognostic factors or optimal therapeutic interventions. Complete surgical resection appears to be essential for the effective management of metastasizing STUMP. Estradiol promotes the proliferation of both uterine smooth muscle and STUMP cells, and antiestrogen therapies, employed as adjuvant treatment, have demonstrated the potential to decelerate or even reverse tumor progression.