Influence of Age, Gender, Socioeconomic Status, and Education Level on Glycemic Control in Diabetic Patients Attending Kapkatet Sub-County Hospital, Kericho County, Kenya

Background: Poor glycemic control among diabetic patients is a significant public health concern, leading to an increased risk of complications such as cardiovascular disease, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Demographic factors, including age, gender, socioeconomic status, and education level, play a critical role in diabetes management. However, limited data exist on their influence among diabetic patients in resource-limited settings such as Kapkatet Sub-County Hospital, Kericho County, Kenya.  Objective: This study aimed to assess the influence of demographic factors on glycemic control among diabetic patients attending Kapkatet Sub-County Hospital.  Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 diabetic patients. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and medical record reviews. Glycemic control was assessed using glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), with poor control defined as HbA1c >7.0%. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses were used to determine associations between demographic factors and glycemic control.  Results: The prevalence of poor glycemic control was 62.3%. Age, education level, and socioeconomic status were significantly associated with glycemic control (p<0.05). Older patients (≥60 years) had the highest prevalence of poor glycemic control (74.8%), while lower educational attainment and lower-income levels were also linked to suboptimal glycemic outcomes. Female patients exhibited slightly better glycemic control than males.  Conclusion: Age, education level, and socioeconomic status significantly influence glycemic control among diabetic patients. Targeted interventions, including health education, improved socioeconomic support, and gender-sensitive diabetes management strategies, are essential to enhance glycemic outcomes in this population.