Balancing Tradition and Modernity: The Role of Yoga and Buddhism in Sustainable Tourism Development

This study examines the roles of yoga and Buddhism in sustainable tourism development, focusing on wellness tourism, cultural diplomacy, and soft power strategies. Using a qualitative approach, it analyses scholarly articles, institutional reports, and case studies, with the Trans-Asia Buddhist Circuit (TABC) as a focal point. Yoga and Buddhism significantly contribute to sustainable development by fostering cultural diplomacy and enhancing wellness tourism, helping countries like India and China build national brands and expand their global influence. However, challenges such as over-tourism, social inequalities, and the commodification of spiritual practices hinder their potential. For instance, a 15% rise in visitors to Rishikesh (2019–2022) led to increased waste and a decline in water quality, while global sales of yoga accessories highlight tensions between economic benefits and cultural preservation. The study recommends integrated strategies like visitor caps, eco-friendly practices, and accessible wellness programs to align with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This research offers actionable insights into balancing growth, inclusivity, and sustainability in leveraging yoga and Buddhism for development.