Simplified Euler method for strengthening load-bearing brick wall foundations

Purpose This paper aims to propose a simplified calculation method for steel–brick masonry composite beams (SBMCB) to facilitate the reinforcement design and rebar calculation for load-bearing brick walls with cracks or damage. Design/methodology/approach A theoretical analysis using a simplified Euler method was conducted on three types of steel–brick composite beams to derive expressions for deflection and axial normal stress. The finite element method (FEM) was then employed to establish a mechanical model of the SBMCB, approximating the wall’s self-weight as a uniformly distributed load applied on the top surface of the masonry. The deflection and stress distribution were analyzed under various span lengths. Findings Comparative analysis revealed notable differences between the Euler method and FEM results, attributed mainly to the influence of shear deformation. The support conditions significantly affected the deflection and stress distribution of the composite beam. The simplified Euler method tends to underestimate deflection for short-span beams, highlighting the need for correction factors to improve prediction accuracy. Originality/value This study provides a practical approach for the reinforcement design of load-bearing brick walls using steel–brick masonry composite beams. It also discusses the applicability and limitations of the simplified calculation method, contributing to enhanced design practices for structural reinforcement.